31- August 2023-
Matxafka British-ka, oo ah madxafka dadweynaha ee ugu da’da weyn adduunka, ayaa la kulmay cadaadis isa soo taraya ka dib markii la xaday in ka badan 2,000 oo walxood horaantii bishan.
Iyadoo ay socdaan baaritaanno booliis ah, guddoomiyaha Matxafka Britain, George Osborne, ayaa sheegay in wax badan laga qaban karay sidii looga hortagi lahaa tuugada, taasoo keentay in uu is casilo maamulihii madxafka Hartwig Fischer.
Iyadoo alaabta qaar la soo helay, xatooyada ayaa dhalisay su’aalo ku saabsan ilaalinta walxaha madxafka waxayna dib u soo celiyeen doodaha ku saabsan dib u celinta iyo soo celinta alaabta halkaas la dhigay report [PDF].
Afhayeen u hadlay madxafka ayaa yidhi, “Madxafka Britishku waxa uu si buuxda u aqoonsanayaa taariikhaha qalafsan ee walxaha ku jira ururinta waxana uu aqoonsanayaa masuuliyadayada ah in aanu dhagaystayaasha ka qayb galno taariikhdooda isku xidhan ee dunidan casriga ah.
Waxaa la aasaasay 1753, madxafku wuxuu markii ugu horreysay albaabada u furay 1759. Waxay ku taallaa bartamaha London, Matxafka Britishka, mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu caansan ee dalxiiska ee magaalada oo leh afar milyan oo qof oo soo booqda 2022, waxay bixisaa ogolaansho bilaash ah ururinteeda joogtada ah.
Matxafka Britishku waxa uu helay dakhli dhan £47.8 milyan ($61m) iyo £20 milyan ($25m) oo deeq raasumaal ah oo gargaar ah oo ka timid Waaxda dawladda ee Digital, Culture, Media and Sport intii lagu jiray sanad maaliyadeedka 2022/23.
Ilaa 2001, madxafku waxa uu helay 111 milyan ($140m) oo qiimihiisu yahay alaab ururin ah, sida ku cad warbixinteeda sannadlaha ah [PDF].
Maxaa ku yaal madxafka?
Matxafka Britishku waxa uu qirtay in aanu haynin diiwaan dhamaystiran oo ku saabsan qiyaastii sideed milyan oo walxood oo ururintiisa ah
Halkee ka yimaaddaan alaabta ku jirta Matxafka Ingiriiska?
Xafiiska warbaahinta ee madxafka ayaa Al Jazeera u sheegay in habka digitization-ka la dhamaystiri doono sida ugu dhakhsaha badan.
Falanqaynta Aljazeera ee kaydka xogta internetka ee Matxafka Ingiriiska, laga soo bilaabo Agoosto 30, waxay ogaatay in 2.2 milyan oo walxood oo ka kala yimid ugu yaraan 212 waddan oo kala duwan oo adduunka ah la sameeyay.
Ugu yaraan 649,727 shay ayaa loo kala saaray sida lagu sameeyay, laga helay ama laga helay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, iyadoo badi – 625,371 – laga keenay Ingiriiska.
Meel ka baxsan Boqortooyada Midowday, xogta madxafka waxay soo celisay 164,140 natiijooyin Ciraaq, waxaa ku xiga Italy (147,697), Masar (119,854), France (81,980), Turkey (73,922), Germany (66,273), Greece (64,928), China (58,749) iyo Hindiya (52,518)
Asal ahaan: Masar
Mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu caansan Matxafka Britishka waa Rosetta Stone.
Qayb ka mid ah dhagax weyn, dhagaxu wuxuu ku xardhay wareegto saddex qoraal oo kala duwan – Hieroglyphics (14 sadar), farta demotic-Masar (32 sadar) iyo Giriigii hore (54 sadar).
Dhagaxa waxaa si lama filaan ah u helay askar ka tirsan ciidamada Napoleon, kuwaas oo olole ka waday Masar 1798 ilaa 1801. Ka dib jabkii Napoleon, dhagaxa waxaa loo raray Ingiriiska 1802.
Mas’uuliyiinta Masar ayaa ilaa iyo xilligaas codsanayay in dhagaxaasi dib loogu celiyo dalkiisa
Asal ahaan: Giriiga
Sidoo kale loo yaqaan Elgin Marbles, Sawirada Parthenon waa qayb ka mid ah frieze ka yimid Giriigii hore ee qurxiyey macbadka Athena ee Acropolis ee Athens. 17-ka sawir-gacmeedka iyo 15-ka metopes ee frieze-kii asalka ahaa ee Matxafka Ingiriiska waxa la sameeyay intii u dhaxaysay 447 BC iyo 423 BC.
Waxaa meesha ka saaray Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, markii Giriiggu uu ku hoos jiray xukunka Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta. Giriiga ayaa markii ugu horeysay dalbaday codsi rasmi ah oo ku saabsan soo celinta joogtada ah ee dhammaan farshaxanada ku jira ururinta matxafka 1983.
Osborne, oo ah guddoomiyaha matxafka, ayaa wadahadal la yeeshay ra’iisul wasaaraha Giriiga Kyriakos Mitsotakis si uu u amaahiyo qaar ka mid ah farshaxannada Giriigga si loogu beddelo farshaxannada Giriigga.
