16″ November “2022” AP/ ALJAZEERA’
Qowmiyadda Cherokee waxay dooneysaa wakiil ka socda Congress-ka, iyadoo dowladda Mareykanka ka dhabeyneysa ballanqaadkii ay sameysay ku dhawaad 200 oo sano ka hor.
Hogaamiyaha Qaranka Cherokee ayaa ku riixaya Mareykanka inuu ixtiraamo ballanqaadkii ergada Aqalka kaasoo aan la fulinin ku dhawaad 200 oo sano
Ururka Cherokee Nation ayaa ku dhawaaqay Khamiista in ay qorsheynayaan in ay soo magacaabaan ergo ka mid noqon doona Aqalka Wakiilada Mareykanka, iyaga oo markii ugu horeysay caddeeyay in ay xaq u leeyihiin qabiilka oo heshiis ku dhow 200 oo sano la galay dowladda federaalka.
Waxay ahayd tillaabo taariikhi ah oo loogu talagalay Cherokee Nation ee fadhigeedu yahay Oklahoma iyo ku dhawaad 370,000 oo muwaadiniin ah, taasoo ku soo beegantay toddobaad ka dib markii Chuck Hoskin Jr. loo dhaariyay inuu noqdo madaxa guud ee qabiilka. Qaranka Cherokee wuxuu leeyahay waa qabiilka ugu weyn Mareykanka iyo mid ka mid ah seddexda qabiil ee Cherokee ee federaalku aqoonsan yahay.
Talaabadan ayaa dhalinaysa su’aalo ku saabsan sida uu u ekaan doono matalaada Congress-ka iyo in Maraykanku ixtiraami doono heshiis uu sameeyay ku dhawaad laba qarni ka hor.
Maxay tani hadda u dhacaysaa?
Xuquuqda ay Cherokee Nation u leedahay inay soo magacawdo ergo waxay ka timid isla heshiiskii ay dawladda Maraykanku si qasab ah uga saartay qabiilka dhulalka awoowgeed.
Natiijadii 1835-kii Treaty of New Echota, Cherokee ayaa ugu dambeyntii lagu sameeyay inay ka baxaan guryahooda Koonfur-bari ee Oklahoma-ka maanta ah si loogu beddelo lacag iyo magdhow kale. Ku dhawaad 4,000 oo muwaadiniinta qabiilka ah ayaa u dhintay cudurro, gaajo iyo daal, safarkan oo hadda loo yaqaan Raad-raacii ilmada.
Ergada Aqalka Wakiilada ayaa ka mid ahayd siyaabaha ay dawladda Maraykanku u ballan qaaday inay magdhaw siinayso Qaranka Cherokee
Congress-ka Mareykanka ayaa sahaminaya suurtagalnimada in la ixtiraamo ballan la sameeyay ku dhawaad 200 oo sano ka hor: in la fariisiyo ergo ka socota Qowmiyadda Cherokee ee Oklahoma, oo ah qabiilka Asaliga ah ee Mareykanka, kana tirsan sharci-dejinta Mareykanka.
Madaxa maamulaha Cherokee Nation Chuck Hoskin ayaa Arbacadii ka hor marag kacay Guddiga Xeerarka Aqalka Sare ee Mareykanka, kaasoo ah kii ugu horreeyay ee baaray rajada laga qabo in la fariisiyo ergada Cherokee ee aqalka Congress-ka US to reckon with its history of violent displacement, racism and cultural erasure against Native Americans.
Heshiiskii 1835 ee New Echota waxaa ka mid ah bixinta u oggolaanaysa Cherokee Nation inay ergo u soo dirto Washington, DC. Heshiis gaar ah oo dhacay 1866 ayaa xaqqan xaqiijiyay, Hoskin ayaa yidhi.
“Qaranka Cherokee dhab ahaantii waxay u hoggaansameen waajibaadkeena hoos yimaada heshiisyadan,” ayuu u sheegay guddiga. “Waxaan halkan u imid inaan ka codsado Mareykanka inuu sidaas oo kale sameeyo.”
Kalfadhigu waxa uu dhacay iyada oo ay jiraan baaqyo loogu baaqayo Maraykanka in uu ku xisaabtamo taariikhdiisa barakicinta rabshadaha wata, cunsuriyadda iyo tirtiridda dhaqameed ee ka dhanka ah Dhaladka Maraykanka.
Qodobka 7 ee Heshiiska New Echota waa cad – Cherokee Nation ‘waxay xaq u yeelan doontaa ergo Aqalka Wakiilada Mareykanka mar kasta oo Koongarasku uu bixin doono wax isku mid ah’, “Website-ka Cherokee Nation ayaa xusay.
Inkasta oo xubnaha Cherokee Nation intooda badani ay ka soo horjeedaan raritaan, Maraykanku wuxuu raadiyay tiro yar oo aaminsan in heshiisku yahay habka kaliya ee lagu noolaan karo iyada oo si degdeg ah loo ballaarinayo galbeedka.
Bishii Disembar 1835, Maraykanku wuxuu la kulmay koox Cherokee ah si ay u saxeexaan heshiis dhammaan dhulka Cherokee ee bariga Mississippi ku wareejinaya Maraykanka. Ma jirin hal qof oo la soo doortay oo ka tirsan Qaranka Cherokee, waxaana mudaaharaad dhigay in ka badan 15,000.
Raritaan rabshado wata ayaa dhawaan soo raacay.
“Bishii Maajo 1838-kii, ciidamada federaalka iyo maleeshiyaadkii dawladu waxay bilaabeen in ay Cherokee-ga soo galaan kayd,” NPS ayaa tiri. “Qoysaska waa la kala saaray-waayeel iyo buka ayaa lagu qasbay qori caaradii – dadka waxaa la siiyay daqiiqado si ay u ururiyaan hantida qaaliga ah. Bililiqada cadaanka ah ayaa raacay, iyagoo soo dhacayay guryihii markii Cherokee la kaxaystay
Bishii Nofembar, ilaa 12,000 Cherokee ayaa loo diray arxan darro, 1,290km (800 mayl) safar galbeed, NPS ayaa tiri. Inkastoo aan la ogeyn tirada saxda ah ee dadka lagu dilay waxa loo yaqaan “Dadka Ilmada”, hay’addu waxay soo xigatay dhakhtar la socday ka saarista waxayna sheegtay in ku dhawaad shan meelood meel dadka Cherokee ay dhinteen natiijada ka saarista.
Waa in si degdeg ah loo sameeyaa
Hoskin waxa uu dejiyay habka uu ergo Cherokee ah ugu soo gelayo Aqalka ee mooshin 2019. Taasi waa markii uu u magacaabay Kimberly Teehee, oo ah la taliyaha madaxweynihii hore ee Barack Obama, jagada. Golaha maamulka ee qabiilka ayaa si aqlabiyad leh ku ansixiyay.
Arbacadii, Hoskin wuxuu u soo jeediyay guddiga in Teehee la fariisan karo horaanta sanadkan iyada oo loo marayo xallin ama beddelaad sharci. Guddoomiyaha guddiga, Wakiilka Dimuqraadiga Massachusetts James McGovern, iyo xubno kale ayaa taageeray fikradda ah in si degdeg ah loo fulin karo.
“Tani waa la samayn karaa waana in la sameeyaa sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah,” McGovern ayaa yidhi. “Taariikhda dalkani waa taariikh ballan jabin ka dib ballantii laga baxay ee bulshooyinka Maraykanka u dhashay. Tani ma noqon karto ballan kale oo jaban.”
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xubnaha guddiga ayaa xusay in su’aalaha qaar ay weli jiraan, oo ay ku jiraan in qabaa’ilka kale la heli karo matalaad la mid ah iyo in Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma uu yahay dhaxalka saxda ah ee heshiiska.
“Sida oo kale, waxaan ku leenahay xuquuq siman dhammaan heshiisyada lala galay dadka Cherokee waana in naloola dhaqmaa sidii walaalo,” Holland ayaa tiri.
Xubnaha guddiga ayaa sidoo kale u muuqday inay ku heshiiyeen ergada inay qaadato door la mid ah wakiillada dhulalka kale sida Degmada Columbia, Guam, Barwaaqo-sooranka Jasiiradaha Waqooyiga Mariana, Samoa American iyo Jasiiradaha Virgin, kuwaas oo dhammaantood soo gudbin kara. wax ka beddelka biilasha laakiin looma oggola inay u codeeyaan ansixintooda kama dambaysta ah.
Markwayne Mullin, oo xubin ka ah Cherokee Nation, ayaa loo doortay Senetka Maraykanka horaantii bishan, taasoo ka dhigaysa in uu noqdo muwaadinkii ugu horreeyay ee Mareykan ah oo ka shaqeeya Senate-ka muddo ku dhow 20 sano.
“Anigoo xubin ka ah Qaranka Cherokee, waxaan si adag u aaminsanahay in dowladda federaalku ay tahay inay ixtiraamto kalsoonideeda iyo mas’uuliyadda axdiga ee Qaramada Midoobay,” Mullin ayaa ku yiri hadal uu soo saaray. “Waxaan kaliya u wanaagsannahay sida ereygayaga.”